Python Notes

22 articles in this category.

• All
• Python 133
• Tools 30
• Tutorials 20
• DATABASE 10
• PHP 8
• C & C++ 5
• Java 4
• Web Development 2
• General Blogs 1

• 

  Python OOP part 4: abstract classes, interfaces, private members and __str__

  Finish the object-oriented basics: abstract methods and classes with abc, interfaces, public, protected and private members, name mangling, __str__ versus __repr__, and a small banking application that uses them all, with tested output.

  Python Notes · 13 Mar 2023 · 8 min read
• 

  Python OOP part 3: polymorphism, duck typing and operator overloading

  Polymorphism in Python explained with tested code: duck typing, method overriding, operator overloading with magic methods, method and constructor overloading (and what Python does instead), and when to use each.

  Python Notes · 13 Mar 2023 · 8 min read
• 

  Python OOP part 2: inheritance, has-a vs is-a, MRO and super()

  Reuse code with inheritance: the has-a and is-a relationships, composition versus aggregation, the five types of inheritance, cyclic inheritance, method resolution order (MRO), and how super() works, with tested output.

  Python Notes · 13 Mar 2023 · 9 min read
• 

  Python OOP part 1: classes, objects, self, constructors and variable types

  Start object-oriented programming in Python: what a class and an object are, self, the constructor, instance, class and local variables, instance, class and static methods, garbage collection and destructors, with tested output.

  Python Notes · 13 Mar 2023 · 10 min read
• 

  Python dictionaries: keys, values, methods and comprehensions

  A practical guide to the Python dict: creating dictionaries, reading, adding, updating and deleting keys, get and setdefault, looping with items, merging, nested data, counting with Counter and dictionary comprehensions, with tested output.

  Python Notes · 3 Mar 2023 · 8 min read
• 

  Python exception handling: try, except, else, finally, raise and assert

  Handle errors in Python properly: syntax errors versus exceptions, the exception hierarchy, try/except/else/finally and their control flow, handling several exceptions, raising and defining your own, logging and assertions, with tested output.

  Python Notes · 3 Mar 2023 · 10 min read
• 

  Python file handling: open, read, write, with, CSV, zip and pickle

  How to work with files in Python: text and binary files, open() modes, reading and writing, the with statement, file object properties, binary data, CSV files, zipping and unzipping, and pickling objects, with tested output.

  Python Notes · 3 Mar 2023 · 10 min read
• 

  Python flow control: if, for, while, break, continue and nested loops

  How a Python program makes decisions and repeats work: if, elif and else, truthiness, for and while loops, range, break, continue, pass, loop else, infinite loops, nested loops and number patterns, with tested output.

  Python Notes · 3 Mar 2023 · 7 min read
• 

  Python functions: arguments, lambda, decorators and generators

  A complete guide to Python functions: defining and calling them, the types of arguments, returning several values, scope and global, recursion, lambda with map, filter and reduce, nested functions, decorators and generators, with tested output.

  Python Notes · 3 Mar 2023 · 10 min read
• 

  Python input and output: input(), print(), sys.argv and formatting

  How a Python program talks to the user: reading keyboard input with input(), converting types, reading several values, command-line arguments with sys.argv and argparse, and printing with sep, end, file and f-strings, with tested output.

  Python Notes · 3 Mar 2023 · 8 min read
• 

  Python lists: indexing, methods, sorting, copying and comprehensions

  Everything about the Python list: creating and accessing items, mutability, looping, the important methods, append versus insert, remove versus pop, sorting, aliasing and copying, nested lists and comprehensions, with tested output.

  Python Notes · 2 Mar 2023 · 8 min read
• 

  Python modules: import styles, aliases, reload, random and __name__

  What a Python module is and how to use one: the four import styles, module and member aliases, dir() and help(), reloading a changed module, the random module, and the special __name__ variable, with tested output.

  Python Notes · 2 Mar 2023 · 8 min read